Greetings are hugely important here, and people will take time to greet each other with multiple expressions before getting down to business. This is especially the case outside of the cities, where the pace is even slower. (The pace in the Sahel, according to more experienced West African travelers that I’ve spoken with, is drastically slower and more laid back than near the coast; the difference is usually attributed to the heat of the sun.) When I had the chance to visit a village just outside Niamey yesterday, I shook hands with a man who wouldn’t let go for at least a solid minute–to me, a length that feels painfully awkward based on my experiences in the US.
Niger is an extremely diverse country, and most people (at least, most people in Niamey) speak several languages. French is the colonial language, the language of education, and the language known by most foreigners coming to Niger. So for me, being an American and an anazara (the local word for a white person), the expectation is that I only know French. This is of course problematic since my French is pretty shaky. One pleasant surprise I’ve found, though, is that many locals have more positive regard for Americans than for, say, the French or other Europeans, because (thanks largely to the Peace Corps, which unfortunately no longer operates in Niger) Americans are among the few foreigners who generally put more effort into learning local languages and engaging more with locals. There’s really a strange divide between foreigners–the expat aid workers, embassy staffers, engineers, etc.–and the locals here, I’ve found. There are, of course, exceptions, and these are probably gross generalizations, but they’re generalizations that even locals have expressed to me.
The point is, I’m finding that even one greeting in a local language can completely change the dynamic of a conversation, which is truly amazing. A few nights back I was going for a walk in the neighborhood and, being fairly shy, only greeted a few people now and then, usually with “salut” or “ça va?”. As I was passing closely by one shop, a man was looking at me a little coldly while holding his young daughter in his lap, and although we had made eye contact for a moment, he didn’t say anything. Warming up to the idea of using the few local greetings I was just starting to get my head around, I greeted him in the primary local language Zarma: “matagaham?” (“how’s it going?” or, literally, “how’s your body?”). His face exploded in a huge smile and he replied with a thousand words I didn’t understand, but the change in expression communicated plenty.
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I’m making arrangements to begin taking Tamashek (that’s the Tuareg language) lessons with a woman here in Niamey, which will be great to start with even if it’s not a widely usable language here in the city. Tamashek is reportedly a very difficult language (for instance, there are 5 variations of the “r” sound similar to the French “r”; German has 2 such variations), and one challenge I foresee is that there are many different dialects across the Tuareg territories in Africa. I’m also hoping to get some tutoring in French since it is going to remain my main way to communicate. But the mileage I can get with just “matagaham” is making me wonder whether some Zarma lessons wouldn’t be a bad idea….